Solder-Less Electrical Assembly

ABSTRACT

An electrical component with two conductive leads and two conductive wires are held within a housing. Each lead is inserted into a housing hole to make electrical contact with a wire conductor. Multiple additional electrical components (which may or may not be LEDs) can be held in similar housings attached their own pairs of wires. A PCB assembly can be attached to hold one or more such assemblies. A resilient PCB housing holds a PCB by an interference fit while conductive wires are inserted into its wire cavity so that exposed portions of conductive wires make electrical contact with electrical traces of the PCB which is biased by wire insulation. Two conductors can be held by the PCB housing which are forced into electrical contact with the PCB when it is inserted into the resilient PCB housing which then biases such contacts. Insertion of a battery into the PCB housing creates an interference fit and causes each of the conductors (which can have a u shape before assembly and then have one or more leads bend over during assembly) to make mechanical and electrical contact with the battery. A switch can also be held by a switch interference fit with the resilient PCB housing such that its leads are biased against the PCB by the resilient PCB housing. The entire assembly is solder-less and can have multiple strings of two or more LEDs, and other electrical components, energized by the battery.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 13/646,489, filed Oct. 5, 2012, which itself is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 13/294,095, filed Nov. 10, 2011, the disclosures of both of which are specifically incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. This application is also a continuation-in-part U.S. Ser. Nos. 13/646,311, 13/646,376 and 13/13/646,376, all of which were filed Oct. 5, 2012, the disclosures of all of which are also incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is in the field of solder-less electrical assemblies.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Electrical assemblies have long used lead solder to help make and keep electrical connections. However, use of solder, and especially lead solder, has come under increasing criticism due to environmental concerns.

The present invention is especially well-suited for, but not limited to use in, footwear, wearing apparel and toys. For an electrical assembly to be useful in such fields it must be compact and inexpensive to manufacture. This means that both the number of parts, as well as the number of manufacturing steps, must be kept to the bare minimum if one is to be competitive in the world today.

The present invention advances simple, compact and easy to manufacture electrical assemblies that are well-suited for use in a variety of applications, including footwear, apparel and toys.

The present invention improves upon prior inventions of the same inventor, including U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,147,337 and 8,004,856.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is generally directed to a solder-less electrical assembly in which an electrical component with two conductive leads, as well as two conductive wires with a conductor and an insulator, are held within a housing. The conductive wires are inserted into and held by a wire cavity of the housing while each of the two conductive leads is inserted into a lead hole of the housing so that an electrical contact is made with a conductor of one of the conductive wires.

Each of the two conductive leads of the electrical component can have a sharp point which penetrates the insulator when the electrical component is inserted into the housing to create an interference fit between the electrical component and the housing, and the two lead holes can be two channels that guide the two conductive leads into alignment with the conductor to create an electrical contact in which the conductor is compressed against the housing to help secure the electrical contact.

The assembly can include multiple additional electrical components (which may or may not be LEDs) held in similar housings attached their own pairs of wires. When LEDs are to be included in the assembly, multiple LEDs can be included on a single pair of conductive wires, and multiple wires with multiple strings of LEDs that will light in parallel can be included in the assembly, so that more than 6 LEDs and four or more strings of multiple LEDs can be energized by a single battery included within the assembly.

A PCB assembly can be attached to one or more pairs of conductive wires that hold one or more electrical assemblies. A PCB is held in a resilient PCB housing by an interference fit without the use of any solder. The one or more pairs of conductive wires are inserted into a wire cavity of the PCB housing so that exposed portions of the conductor of the conductive wires makes electrical contact with an electrical trace of the PCB and insulation of the wires biases the exposed portions of the conductors into electrical contact with the traces.

A pair of conductors can be held by the PCB housing such that insertion of the PCB into a PCB cavity to form the PCB interference fit forces the conductors into electrical contact with the PCB while the resilient PCB housing biases such contacts and each of the conductors can each be held within a unique channel of the resilient PCB housing which is independently resilient. A battery can be inserted into the PCB housing where it is held by a battery interference fit without the use of any solder and insertion of such battery can cause each of the conductors (which can have a u shape before assembly and then have one or more leads bend over during assembly) make mechanical and electrical contact with the battery to complete an electrical powered circuit. A switch can also be held by a switch interference fit with the resilient PCB housing such that its leads are biased against the PCB by the resilient PCB housing.

Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide an improved solder-less electrical assembly.

This and further objects and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art in connection with the drawings and the detailed description of the invention set forth below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exploded assembly drawing illustrating one electrical assembly according to the present invention while

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 1 in an unexploded state.

FIG. 3 illustrates a battery block of the electrical assembly of FIG. 1 showing the block with its battery removed, looking into a side view from the direction in which a battery would be inserted,

FIG. 4 is a partially exploded view of FIG. 3, and

FIG. 5 is an assembled view of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the electrical assembly of FIG. 1 while

FIG. 7 is a partially exploded view of FIG. 6. FIGS. 6A-6C illustrate contact being made between a PCB trace and a wire with a slit in its insulative covering.

FIG. 8 illustrates the electrical assembly shown in FIG. 1 in a closed state, with multiple LEDs held in multiple wires of a ribbon wire.

FIG. 9 illustrates an LED block which holds an LED at an end of a wire pair while

FIG. 10 is an exploded view of FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a top view of an LED block illustrating how the LED leads are aligned to connect with the wire while

FIG. 12 illustrates the wire pair inserted into the LED block and how the LED leads will align with conductive members of the wire pair.

FIG. 13 is a side view of an LED block showing an LED to be inserted while

FIG. 14 illustrates its insertion. FIG. 13a shows an alternative embodiment to FIG. 13 in which the LED lead cavities are angled to facilitate alignment.

FIG. 15 illustrates how an LED block can channel and align LED leads to make contact with conductive members of a wire pair while

FIG. 16 illustrates insertion of an LED into an end of a wire pair.

FIG. 17 illustrates an interconnector of two ribbon wires.

FIG. 18 is an exploded view of the interconnector while

FIG. 19 is a phantom side view of FIG. 17, assembled and connected.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention details how various parts can easily be assembled without the use of solder. Although not limited to a final assembly, the present invention is especially well suited to assembly of a package useful for controlling lighting of multiple light emitting diodes (“LEDs”) through movement, which itself is useful in a variety of products, such as, for example, footwear, clothing and toys. It bears note, however, that techniques and assemblies described herein in connection with such usage can be applied to many additional fields.

In the Figures and the following description, number designations indicate various features of the invention, with like number designations referring to like features throughout both the drawings and the description. Although the Figures are described in greater detail below, the following is a glossary of the elements identified in the Figures.

GLOSSARY

-   1 electrical assembly -   10 battery -   10 b bottom surface of battery 10 -   10 n negative surface of battery 10 -   10 s side surface of battery 10 -   11 battery block -   12 battery opening (in battery block 11) -   13 column -   15 conductor -   15.1 first lead of conductor 15 -   15.2 second lead of conductor 15 -   16 conductor -   16.1 first lead of conductor 16 -   16.2 second lead of conductor 16 -   17 top surface -   18 bottom surface -   19 PCB opening (in battery block 11) -   20 switch assembly -   20.1 first switch assembly lead -   20.2 second switch assembly lead -   30 printed circuit board (“PCB”) -   31 radius (in PCB 30) -   32 conductive traces and pads -   33 electronics -   40 ribbon block assembly -   41 ribbon block -   42 PCB opening (in ribbon block 41) -   43 ribbon opening (in ribbon block 41) -   50 ribbon wire assembly -   51 conductive wire -   52 insulative covering (surrounding a conductive wire 51) -   53 stripped portion of insulative covering 52 -   60 light emitting diode (“LED”) -   61.1 first LED lead -   61.2 second LED lead -   62 sharp pin point -   65 LED base -   70 LED block -   71 wire hole -   72 LED lead cavity -   73 cavity (in which LED 60 is seated) -   74 stress reliever -   100 outer case -   101 case cover -   102 case bottom -   103 male member -   104 female member

FIG. 1 illustrates an assembly, shown generally as 1, that has multiple subcomponents that are assembled together—one or more batteries 10, a battery block 11, a switch assembly 20, a PCB 30, a ribbon block assembly 40, and two conductors, 15 and 16. The ribbon block assembly 40 may have its own subassemblies attached to its other end, and/or support multiple LEDs in parallel, as will be discussed below.

Battery 10, in an especially preferred embodiment, is a lithium 3 volt button cell battery. This type of battery allows positive electrical contact to be made with its upper negative surface 10 n and positive electrical contact to be made with either its side surfaces 10 s or its bottom surface 10 b. In an alternative embodiment, more than one battery can be stacked on top of each other.

Battery block 11, shown in FIGS. 3-5, in an especially preferred embodiment, is molded from resilient material, such as plastic. Two conductors, 15 and 16, are attached to battery block 11 in either one or two assembly steps. Conductors 15 and 16 can be forced through a wall of battery block 11 or preformed holes or pilot holes (not shown) can be used to assist in this assembly step. Conductors 15 and 16, which might be thought of as resembling u-shaped staples, are made of electrically conductive materials and each has two leads that extend down into an interior cavity of battery block where they will make electrical contact as is described later. In one embodiment of the invention, conductors 15 and 16 are staples that are assembled by a stapling step.

After conductors 15 and 16 have been assembled to battery block 11, battery 10 is inserted into battery opening 12 formed in battery block 11 where it will be held in place by an interference fit. During insertion of battery 10 into battery opening 12, first lead 15.1 of conductor 15 will come into contact with negative surface 10 n of battery 10 and be bent over due to the insertion process (see FIG. 6) to secure electrical contact with the battery. Bending first lead 15.1, in an especially preferred embodiment, also assists with creating a more secure interference fit to hold battery 10 in place due to resiliency of the battery block material which forces now bent first lead 15.1 against battery 10. During the same insertion step first lead 16.1 of conductor 16 will make positive electrical contact with battery 10 and, in an especially preferred embodiment, the electrical contact will be made with a side surface 10 s of battery 10. Making electrical contact with side surface 10 s is especially preferred because it allows both conductors 15 and 16 to be assembled to the same surface of battery block 11, although conductor 16 could alternatively be assembled to a bottom surface and make electrical contact with bottom surface 10 b of battery 10 in the same manner as was done with electrical conductor 15 and negative surface 10 n.

FIGS. 3-5 show an especially preferred embodiment of the present invention in which three columns or ribs 13 help stabilize battery block 10 when a PCB 30 is inserted into PCB opening 19 in battery block 11. Each column 13 provides structural support to prevent top surface 17 from bowing away from bottom surface 18, thus helping to maintain electrical contacts with PCB 30, and PCB 30 has channels (see FIG. 4) that are designed to receive columns 13 to provide a mating fit. In an especially preferred embodiment, each frictionally formed electrical lead (e.g., 15.1 and 16.1) is supported by its own unique channel of resilient housing formed by at least one column 13 and each unique channel is independently resilient.

After battery 10 is inserted into battery block 11, switch assembly 20 can be assembled to battery block 11. Switch assembly 20 can be designed so that it fits into an opening in battery block 11 and can be held in place by an interference fit. Switch assembly 20 has first and second switch assembly leads 20.1 and 20.2 that extend into PCB opening 19 in battery block 11. Switch assembly 20 can be constructed so that it extends above battery block 11, as shown in FIG. 1, although it is preferable that the top of switch assembly 20 is flush with battery block 11 so as to make a more compact assembled module. Also, although FIG. 1 shows the opening in which switch assembly block 20 is inserted has three sides, it need not be so, and could instead be a four-sided opening formed near the end of battery block 11 where PCB 30 is inserted. The details of switch assembly 20 are not critical to the present invention, and any number of different switch assemblies can be used, an example of which is U.S. Pat. No. 7,347,577, the details of which are specifically incorporated herein by reference.

After switch assembly 20 has been assembled to battery block 11 (see FIG. 1), PCB 30 is inserted into PCB opening 19. PCB 30 can carry a variety of electronics, shown generally as 33, to control electrical function of electrical assembly 1. (Electronics 33 can include, but do not necessarily need to include, a microprocessor.) Electronics 33 can be pre-mounted on PCB 30 before PCB is assembled to battery block 11. PCB 30 has multiple conductive traces 32 aligned so that when PCB 30 is inserted into PCB opening 19 they will make electrical contact with second lead 15.2 of conductor 15, second lead 16.2 of conductor 16, and first and second switch assembly leads 20.1 and 20.2, and it is especially preferred that insertion of PCB 30 causes leads 15.2 and 16.2 to bend over so as to secure electrical contact and also assist with creating an interference fit. PCB 30, in an especially preferred embodiment, has a radius 31 (FIG. 4) that increases the surface area for contact and PCB 30 is held within battery block 11 by an interference fit. Because battery block 11 is made of a resilient material, once PCB 30 has been inserted into PCB opening 19 and the four leads are electrically connected, the housing will bias the leads, each in its own unique channel, against their respective conductive members of PCB 30. PCB 30 can also have either male or female mating members (not shown) designed to mate in a snap fit fashion with corresponding female or male mating members in either or both of battery block 11 and ribbon block 41. Alternatively, and in an especially preferred embodiment, PCB 30 does not have any male or female mating members and, instead, battery block 11 and ribbon block 41 snap fit together, holding PCB 30 inside, so as to create a small, self-contained module that can be used, for example, in footwear, clothing and other uses. Such a module can have transparent or translucent walls and also contain one or more LEDs positioned within such walls that can be seen through the walls when the module is appropriately positioned in footwear, clothing or the like.

After PCB 30 is inserted into PCB opening 19 of battery block 11 it is then inserted into PCB opening 42 of ribbon block 41, although the order of such assembly steps can be reversed.

Ribbon block assembly 40 is an assembly of ribbon block 41 and ribbon wire assembly 50. Ribbon wire assembly 50 has at least one conductive wire 51, and usually groups of multiple conductive wires 51, each of which has an insulative covering 52 surrounding it, with a portion of insulative covering 52 being stripped away (shown as 53 in FIG. 7) so as to allow electrical contact to be made with the conductive wire. It is especially preferred that insulative covering 52 is only stripped away where electrical contact is to be made with the conductive wire and the back half of insulative covering 52 remains in place, as such back covering will assist in making a more secure electrical contact upon assembly when it is compressed by a forced connection between the exposed area of the conductive wire and the electrical conductor member to which it is being electrically connected.

Ribbon block assembly 40 is inserted into ribbon opening 43 of ribbon block 41 where it is held in place by an interference fit. Once PCB 30 is fully inserted into PCB opening 42, conductive traces 32 will make electrical contact with conductive wires 51 at exposed portions 53 of insulative covering 52 (see FIG. 6). It has been found that such electrical contact can be made without the need to use through hole PCB connections, which reduces the cost of the PCB 30 needed in accordance with the present invention, by causing the exposed conductive wire to be bent over a top of PCB 30. (While it has been found that through hole PCB connections are not required for use with ribbon wire LEDs, to be described later, there may be other uses of electrical assemblies in which through hole PCB connections might be desirous, and such a possibility would still be within the scope of the present invention). It also bears note that the electrical connections formed between PCB 30 and both battery 10 and switch assembly 20 also do not require the use of through hole PCB connections. Finally, in an especially preferred embodiment, instead of stripping insulative covering 52 away, a slit is made in insulative covering 52 and then electrical contact is made between a conductive wire and a conductive trace 32 of a top surface of PCB 30, as is illustrated in

Electrical assembly 1 of the present invention has many distinct advantages.

One major advantage of electrical assembly 1 is that it can be assembled without the use of any solder. This represents a significant advantage, especially as there is more and more concern about environmental effects of solder.

Another major advantage of electrical assembly 1 is ease of manufacturing and assembly, which greatly reduces cost. Because solder is not required, no soldering iron steps are required, thus reducing cost. Also, electrical assembly 1 can be manufactured from subcomponents with just six assembly steps without using separate connecting parts, which greatly reduces its cost of manufacture. In a similar fashion, multiple PCBs can be electrically connected together in a single electrical assembly in which multiple PCBS are interconnected by use of one or more ribbon block assemblies.

Electrical assembly 1 is particularly well suited for use in applications where it can be used to power LEDs, some examples of which include footwear, clothing and strings of LEDs. In such a use one or more LEDs 60 can be assembled to electrical assembly 1, without the use of solder, by using a wire block assembly for each LED, which will now be described.

Each LED 60 can be assembled to its own pair of conductive wires 51 or multiple LEDs can be assembled on a single pair of conductive wires 51 (see FIG. 8). In an especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, LED leads end with a sharp pin point 62 (see FIG. 13) which is useful in piercing an insulative covering 52 of conductive wires 51.

In accordance with an especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, an LED block 70 (see FIG. 10) has a wire hole 71 into which a pair of conductive wires 51 for a single LED 60 is inserted. In an especially preferred embodiment, illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10, LED block 70 has a stress reliever 74 that extends outwardly around wire hole 71 to lessen stress that might otherwise be exerted upon a pair of conductive wires 51 inserted into LED block 70. When multiple LED blocks 70 are to be used on a pair of conductive wires 51, the blocks can be aligned along the pair of conductive wires 51 before LEDs 70 are inserted into each LED block 70. Because multiple LED blocks 70 can be used on a single pair of conductive wires 51, a large number of LEDs 70 can be supported by a single electrical assembly. For example, electrical assembly 1 can be used to support a ribbon block assembly 40 that has four pairs of conductive wires 51, each of which has up to nine (or more) LED blocks 70, which means the total assembly can support 36 or more LEDs, in a very inexpensive, yet reliable, assembly.

After a pair of conductive wires 51 is firmly in place in an LED block 70, first and second LED leads 61.1 and 61.2 of an LED 60 are each brought down and inserted into LED lead cavities 72 of LED block 70. LED lead cavities 72 can be designed to adjust the spacing of LED leads 61.1 and 61.2 and self-align them for insertion into a pair of conductive wires 51. Such self-alignment can be accomplished, for example, by forcing

LED leads 61.1 and 61.2 together by narrowing the width of LED lead cavities 72 when the width between LED leads 61.1 and 61.2 is greater than the width of the pair of conductive wires 51 where they will make contact (see FIG. 13a ). Also, if the width of the LED leads 61.1 and 61.2 is narrower than the width of the pair of conductive wires 51, then LED lead cavities 72 could be used to force LED leads 61.1 and 61.2 further apart and into alignment. As noted earlier, each lead 61.1 and 61.2 has a sharp pin point 62 that facilitates insertion of the leads through insulative covering 52 of conductive wires 51. Wire hole 71 and LED lead cavities 72, in an especially preferred embodiment (see FIG. 13), intersect at a right angle. Alternatively, the angle can vary (see FIGS. 11 and 12), or wire hole 71 and LED lead cavities 72 can even meet straight on (see FIG. 16), although such configurations are not preferred.

Accordingly, the present invention allows many LEDs to be used in a variety of applications without the need for any solder whatsoever and such construction can be achieved by a simple assembly process that greatly reduces manufacturing cost. This represents a significant advantage over prior art techniques, especially when many LEDs are being combined and electrically connected in parallel on a single pair of conductive wires 51.

So far the present disclosure has disclosed how a number of sub-assemblies can be assembled quickly, simply, and economically without the use of solder. A further embodiment will now be disclosed in which electrical assembly 1 is placed inside of an outer case 100 which can conveniently be constructed of plastic. As illustrated in FIG. 2, outer case 100 has case bottom 102 in which electrical assembly 1 is placed and case cover 101 which is then closed complete a sealed case. In an especially preferred embodiment, either case cover 101 or case bottom 102 has one or male members 103 designed to mate with counterpart one or more female members 104 found in its opposite member. The mating of one or more male and female members serves as an alignment guide as well as increasing structural integrity of a sealed case. After electrical assembly 1 is inserted into case bottom 102 and case cover 101 is closed, the case can be sonic welded. Wires 50 extend out of the sealed case, with the case acting both to insulate electrical assembly 1 and also to help insure the structural integrity of ribbon block assembly 40 which is now bent over ninety degrees by closing of case cover 101 and held in place by the sonic welding (see FIG. 2). (It is also further possible that sonic welding can cause insulative covering 52 of conductive wires 51 to weld to the parts of case 100, thus creating an even stronger bond, and making it less likely for ribbon wire assembly 50 to move in future use.)

While the foregoing disclosure has used the example of an LED as an example of an electrical component held in a housing attached to a pair of conductive wires, the present invention is not limited to only using LEDs, and is meant to cover any electrical component with two conductive leads. Thus, for example, a speaker or audio producing device or some other electrical component could be used instead of an LED, and the leads of such components can be constructed and inserted into a suitable housing in the same fashion as the LED leads described in the above disclosure. Accordingly, the disclosure of the present invention can be used to create a variety of assemblies in which multiple electrical components are connected to pairs of conductive wires that are gathered in a ribbon block that is then connected to an assembly which includes a PCB. The assembly which includes the PCB can be constructed to include a battery, in which case it can function as the battery block described above, or it can be constructed so as to not include a battery if the application for the assembly does not require a battery for its source of power. If a battery is included, assemblies can be created in which multiple electrical components, and multiple strings of LEDs that can be energized to emit light in parallel, can all be powered from a single battery source, all of which can be assembled without the use of any solder.

Accordingly, the present invention discloses a simple, cost-effective electrical assembly and process of manufacture that is environmentally friendly and, in an especially preferred embodiment, well suited for use with LEDs. Moreover, the electrical assembly is compact and sturdy and well suited for use in a variety of applications, including for use in footwear and clothing.

Although the foregoing detailed description is illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that additional embodiments thereof will be obvious to those skilled in the art. For example, it is possible to connect multiple electrical assemblies 1 together so that a single switch assembly 20 triggers multiple chains of LEDs to activate at the same time. Such an assembly will be particularly useful for footwear and other applications where size and cost is important, but it is desired that a large number of LEDs (e.g., twelve), light at the same time. In addition, it is possible that multiple batteries can be aligned next to each other, instead of on top of each other, where there is more concern about vertical height of an assembled unit than horizontal length of the unit. Also, electrical components with multiple leads, instead of LEDs, can be connected to a pair of conductive wires using an electrical component block that applies the principals stated herein to such components. Further modifications are also possible in alternative embodiments without departing from the inventive concept.

Accordingly, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that still further changes and modifications in the actual concepts described herein can readily be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosed inventions as defined by the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An assembly, comprising: an electrical component having two conductive leads; a first and a second conductive wire, each of which is comprised of a conductor and an insulator; and a housing; wherein the first and the second conductive wires are inserted into and held by a wire cavity of the housing; wherein each of the two conductive leads is inserted into a different one of two lead holes of the housing; wherein an electrical contact is made by each of the two conductive leads with the conductor of one of the first and the second conductive wires; and wherein the electrical component is held by the housing. 